Nut-lock.



No. 8394790. PATENTED DEC. 25, 1906, W. M. SMITH.

NUT LOCK.

APPLIOATION FILED APB.11.1906'.

Y UNITED S ATES PATENT OFFICE.

i 3 WILLI M M; sMITH, OF TURTLE CREEK, PENNSYLVANIA.

I NUT-LOCK.

To all whom itm'dy concerni I Beit known thatfI, W'ILL'IA M. SMITH, a eitizen'of the'Um'ted States of America, residing at Turtle Creek, in the county of Alleghenyfand State of PennS lvania, have in: vented-certain new and use ul Improvements in Nut-Locks, of which .thefollowing is a specification, [reference being had therein to t 1e accompanying drawings.

' This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in. nut-locks; and the invention has for its primary object to pro-' vide a novel form of washer adapted to be mounted upon the end of a bolt to prevent a nut from rotating uponsaid bolt.

'Another object of this invention is to rovidefia nut-lock which will be simple an inexpensive to manufacture, positive in its action, and freefrom all danger of being injui'ed while in use.

:A further object of this invention is to provide .anut-lockparticularly adapted for railjoints Where' two fish'- lates or' splice-bars arefsecured'to the 'co ronting ends of two sections of rails'by nuts and bolts. The vibrations of thefrailscaused by rolling-stock passing over the same tend to loosen nuts upon the ends of bolts and ina great many lnstances causing accidents, which otherwise would not occur i-r the nuts had not become detached'from the 'endsbf the bolts.

With the above and other objects in view, which will more readily appear as the nature of the invention is betterunderstood, the same consists in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and, referring to the drawings accompanying this application, like numerals of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of a section of red having two splice-bars secured thereto by a nut and bolt, the nut being retained upon the bolt by my improved nut-lock.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of my improved washer employed as a nut-lock. Fig. 3 is a front elevation pf my improved nut-lock. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a washer, illustrating a slightly-modified form of construc- Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the form 0 put my invention into practice, I construct my im roved nut-locks in the form of washers whic are stamped or sheared from Specification of Letters Patent. l l Application filed April 11, 1906' Serial No. 311,096

Patented Dec. 25, 1906.

sheet metal. The washer 1 (illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings) is triangular in plan and is provided with a central opening be. mounted upon the threaded end 3 of a bolt. The washer is crimped or provided with corru 'ations 4, said corrugations radiatin from t e central opening 2 and serving to a d resiliency to the washer 1, at the same time providing a rough surface which will tend to grip the material against which the washer bears and prevent the same from rotating.

When the washer 1 is employed to look a nut 5 upon the screw-threaded end 3 of a bolt that is used in connection with a. rail-joint, one of the edges of the washer is adapted to engage the base-flange 6 of a section of rail 7 and prevent said washer from rotating. After the nut 5 has been rotated upon the bolt to press the washer into engagement with one of the splice-bars 8 the upper end 9 of the washer is bent over upon one of the faces of the nut 5 to prevent said nut from rotating. I

In Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings I have illustrated a pentagon-shaped washer 10, which is provided with a central opening 11.

The washer 10 is also corru ated similar to the washer 1, as at 12, and t e principaldifference between the washer 10 and the washer 1 resides in the fact that the one edge 14 of the washer 10 is bent to engage the edge 15 of a plate to prevent said washer from rotating upon .a bolt 16, that passes through said plate. The washer is then bent, as at 17, to engage a nut 18, mounted upon the end of a bolt 16, said washer preventing the nut-lock from rotating upon said bolt.

Myinvention particularly resides in the radiating corrugations of the washers, together with the shape of said washers, which provides a locking edge in connection with each washer adapted to prevent said washers from rotating upon the ends of the bolts, while the bent-portic. of the washer is adapt ed to bolt.

The washer in both forms of construction shown, it will be observed, is corrugated or crimped on only a part of its face, the corrugations extending radially from the central opening in the washer and being so arranged or disposed as to provide a corrugated portion, a smooth or uncorrugated ortion, and other corrugated portion, and tien another smooth or uncorrugated portion.- .--In other prevent a nut from rotating upon a ICC Words, the corrugated parts or portions of the face of thewasher are in groups, being separated by. smooth uncorrugated portions,

as I'have found in practice that such construction has decided advantages over the washer corrugated throughout the entire surface thereof. This advantage results from the'fact that a washer c'orrugated only at certain portions of its surface, as shown and described by me, enables the turning or driving home of the nut a greater distance when brought in engagement with the corrugations where they are only on a part of the face of the washer than can be accomplished where these corrugations cover the entire face' of the washer, as only a part of the inner face of the nut is in .biting engagement with the corrugations of the washer instead of the entire face being in engagement with corrugations, which latter would be the case where the entire surface of the washer was corrugated. Thusit being possible to turn or screw the nut farther home on the bolt the corrugations are caused to bite into the inner face,

of the nut in such a manner as to most effectually hold the same in position on the bolt. Furthermore, the, construction shown and described by me enables the turning of the nut for the reasons above stated so as to brin it into a desired position to permit the bending over of the lip or part of the washer onto the face of the nut. Again, I have found it of great advantage in practice to arrange the corrugations radially of the open ing in the washer, as in such arran ement it is to be observed that in screwing. iome the nut the latterwhen being turned after being brought into engagement with the corrugations is not being turned directly against a considerable length, of the sharp edge of the corrugation, but is gradually being engaged with a greater length of-the corrugation as the nut is turned farther home, whereas if the corrugations were arranged horizontal or thecorrugation which the nut covers.

to be observed in each of the two construc-' washer. Thus a greater vertical throughout the face or surface of the v thereof brought into direct contact throng out its length with the biting edge of a gation and the inner face of the nut is brought into direct'engagement with a? of t is washer the nut as it is turned has" one edge tions shown by me that the corrugations are extended at an angle to vertical and horizontal lines drawn through the axis of the ortion of any one of the corru ations is a ually presented to the face of the nut as t e latter is turned. a

I do not care to confine myself to the material from which the washers are made, and such changes as are permissible b the appended claim may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Lettors Patent, is

As an improved article of manufacture, a nut-lock consisting of a washer, each edge of which lies at an angle to'each of-the other edges, corrugations formed on the outer face of the washer and projecting radially from the central opening in the washer each on a line at an angle to vertical and horizontal lines through the axis of the washer, the said corrugations beingarranged in groups-on the face of the washer so as to leave smooth-uncorrugated portions on the washer between the groups of corrugations, the said washer I having a straight lower bearing edge, and so shaped as to -have one corner project be 0nd and be bent over on the nut to be locked:

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM M. SMITH. 

